![]() ![]() įew studies were conducted on the relationship between heavy lifting and RD however, we could not identify any such studies in Egypt. Using mechanical aids and transport equipment in the workplace (such as trolleys and mobile raising platforms) will reduce manual handling of heavy weights. Accordingly, a specific manual guide on weight limits was decreed for both males and females. The Ergonomics Principle sets limits for the weight of any lifted load. The Safety Health and Welfare at Work Regulations of 1993 included regulations specifically for lifting heavy objects. Ireland is one of the countries which set ergonomic workplace laws and legislations. Likewise, an Italian population-based study indicated that the incidence of RRD incidents in manual workers was double the number of the incidents in non-manual workers. A Scottish study found that the incidence of RRD among people living in wealthier areas was twice that of poorer areas. Studies carried out for identification of risk factors are important both for primary and secondary prevention. RD is a serious disease its advanced stages may lead to blindness. Uncertainty persists about the effect of some types of exercises or activities on the intra-ocular pressure. This increased pressure causes a decompensation at the levels of the retinal capillary bed, resulting in retinal hemorrhages: either unilateral or bilateral. Previous studies have revealed an association between heavy lifting involving the valsalva manoeuvre (forceful exhalation against a closed glottis), and a sudden increase in venous, intra-abdominal, and intraocular pressure. The Canadian Association of Optometrists mentioned that the well-known causes of RD include head trauma, severe myopia, diabetes, and previous eye surgery. ![]() The most common type of RD is rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) where a tear in the retina occurs leading to fluid accumulation. According to the mechanism of sub-retinal fluid accumulation, RD has been classified into rhegmatogenous, tractional, exudative, and combined tractional-rhegmatogenous types of RD. It occurs when sub-retinal fluid accumulates in the space between the neurosensory retina and the underlying retinal epithelium. Retinal detachment (RD) is a serious ophthalmologic disorder, which can lead to irreversible loss of vision. During the patient’s visit, ophthalmologists should consider and look for the occupational heavy lifting history as a potential risk factor of the patient’s symptoms. The workplace’s design (including having appropriate mechanical aids available) is also of significant importance to reducing the risks. An ergonomic approach should be adopted and practiced as it has a significant impact on reducing the risks of lifting and carrying heavy objects. ![]() Occupational categories, duration of lifting heavy objects during work and family history of RD had a significant effect on RD. Occupational heavy lifting is associated with RD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lifting (Odds ratio (OR) = 4.8, p < 0.0001), history of head trauma (OR = 3.3, p = 0.013), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 4.96, p < 0.0001), and previous eye surgeries (OR = 3.5, p = 0.003) increased the risk of RD. Statistically significant differences were found between cases and controls regarding years of working, occupational categories, frequency of occupational heavy lifting, non-work heavy lifting, history of head trauma, history of eye surgeries, and family history of RD. The mean age of study participants was 45.8 ± 9.1 years (46.8 ± 8.9, 44.4 ± 9.2 for RD cases and controls respectively). Personal, medical, and occupational data were collected using interview questionnaires in addition to conducting full ophthalmologic examination. MethodsĪ case-control study was carried out on 151 RD cases and 113 controls free of RD attending the ophthalmology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between occupational heavy lifting and RD. ![]() The epidemiological evidence for this association is still inconclusive. Heavy lifting may lead to sudden increase in venous, intra-abdominal, and intraocular pressure which in turn may cause retinal detachment (RD). ![]()
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